Medical Review by Jennie Stanford, MD, FAAFP, DABOM

Summary:

• Blood pressure medications help manage conditions that can lead to serious health risks like heart disease or stroke.
• Prescription options include ACE inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, beta blockers, diuretics, and ARBs. Each of these medication types works in a distinct way to control your blood pressure.
• OTC and alternative treatments, like potassium supplements or heart-healthy diets, may complement professional care—but should always be used under appropriate clinical guidance.
• Monitoring your progress and consulting with a healthcare provider ensures you receive tailored treatments for effective blood pressure management.

The right blood pressure medication can help protect your health

Blood pressure is a critical measure of your health. High blood pressure (hypertension) can lead to serious conditions like heart disease or stroke, while low blood pressure (hypotension) can cause dizziness, fainting, and even shock in severe cases.

Medications often play a vital role in managing blood pressure. But with so many options, it’s important to understand what’s available to you and how these treatments work.

Below, we break down the different kinds of blood pressure medications—including prescription, over-the-counter (OTC), and alternative options. Keep reading so you can speak with a healthcare provider is essential for finding the right fit.

Prescription medications

If you’re having trouble managing your blood pressure through lifestyle changes, your healthcare provider might recommend prescription medication. The type of medication your provider recommends depends on your specific condition and medical history. Here are some of the most commonly prescribed types:

ACE inhibitors

Examples: lisinopril, enalapril

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors help lower blood pressure by relaxing blood vessels. They work by blocking angiotensin II, a hormone that causes your blood vessels to tighten. By reducing the levels of this hormone in your system, ACE inhibitors allow your blood to flow more easily, decreasing overall pressure in your circulatory system.

Calcium channel blockers

Examples: amlodipine, diltiazem

These medications prevent calcium from entering your heart and blood vessel cells. Calcium plays a role in muscle contractions, so blocking it relaxes the blood vessels and reduces the heart’s workload. Calcium channel blockers are often prescribed for conditions where blood vessel constriction plays a major role in high blood pressure.

Beta blockers

Examples: metoprolol, atenolol

Beta blockers lower blood pressure by slowing the heart rate and decreasing the force of heart contractions. They are particularly effective for patients with high blood pressure and a history of heart-related conditions, such as arrhythmias or previous heart attacks.

Diuretics

Diuretics, often referred to as “water pills,” help reduce blood pressure by flushing excess sodium and water from the body, which decreases the volume of fluid in your blood vessels. There are three main types of diuretics that may be used to treat high blood pressure:

Thiazide diuretics

Examples: Hydrochlorothiazide, chlorthalidone

These types of diuretics are usually prescribed for high blood pressure. Thiazide diuretics work by reducing sodium reabsorption in the kidneys, which increases the amount of water that leaves your body when you urinate.

Effective as a first-line treatment for many people with hypertension, thiazide diuretics can also help prevent stroke and heart failure when used as a long-term blood pressure treatment.

Loop diuretics

Examples: Furosemide, bumetanide

Loop diuretics act on the loop of Henle in the kidney, blocking sodium and chloride reabsorption. This causes a more intense diuretic effect than the one caused by thiazides.

Loop diuretics are often used for people with heart failure, kidney disease, or severe fluid retention. They are less commonly prescribed for straightforward cases of high blood pressure.

Potassium-sparing diuretics

Examples: Spironolactone, amiloride

Potassium-sparing diuretics help the body get rid of excess sodium and water while maintaining potassium levels.

These diuretics are sometimes used alongside thiazides or loop diuretics to prevent low potassium levels in people with specific medical conditions.

Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs)

Examples: losartan, valsartan

ARBs work by blocking the action of angiotensin II, a hormone that causes blood vessels to tighten. Unlike ACE inhibitors, which prevent the formation of this hormone, ARBs target its effects directly. This results in relaxed blood vessels and lower blood pressure, with fewer side effects for some people.

Over-the-counter medications

Most blood pressure medications require a prescription, but some OTC products may support blood pressure management indirectly:

• Potassium supplements: Adequate potassium intake helps balance the effects of sodium in the body, which can help lower blood pressure.
• Aspirin (low-dose): In certain cases, low-dose aspirin may be recommended to reduce cardiovascular risks, though it should only be used under medical advice.

Always consult your healthcare provider before starting any OTC medication for blood pressure management.

Alternative treatments

For people seeking complementary approaches to blood pressure management, natural or holistic treatments may provide some benefits:

• Dietary approaches: Eating a heart-healthy diet like DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension), which emphasizes fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and whole grains, can help lower blood pressure naturally.
• Supplements: Omega-3 fatty acids, magnesium, and coenzyme Q10 have shown promise in supporting healthy blood pressure levels in some studies.
• Mind-body practices: Meditation, yoga, and other mindfulness practices can help reduce stress, which may help lower blood pressure over time—although more research is needed.

While these methods can be beneficial, they are best used as part of a broader treatment plan under the supervision of a healthcare provider.

Related: The most common symptoms of high blood pressure & when to seek professional help

Consulting a healthcare provider

Managing blood pressure effectively often requires a tailored approach. A qualified healthcare provider can:

• Assess your overall health and determine the cause of your blood pressure issues.
• Recommend appropriate treatments, which may include medications, lifestyle changes, or some combination of both. Often, taking more than one blood pressure medication at once can be helpful (as long as you follow the guidance of your healthcare provider).
• Monitor your progress and make adjustments as needed.

Learn more about your blood pressure medication options with Lemonaid Health

Blood pressure medications and alternative treatments offer a wide range of options for managing high or low blood pressure. Understanding these options—and working closely with a healthcare provider to select the right approach for your needs—can make all the difference in achieving and maintaining a healthy blood pressure.

If you’re struggling to manage your blood pressure, Lemonaid Health offers convenient online consultations with US-based healthcare professionals who can provide personalized advice and prescriptions if needed. Get started today and take the next step toward better blood pressure management.

Medical Review by Heidi Moawad

Summary

• High blood pressure (hypertension) is a common condition that often develops gradually and may not show symptoms until it has already caused serious damage.
• Regular monitoring is essential for recognizing high blood pressure before it can lead to serious complications.
• A reading of 120/80 is considered healthy blood pressure for most adults. Anything above that is considered high, and 180/120 is considered dangerously high.
• Signs of an emergency when you have dangerously high blood pressure could include severe headaches, shortness of breath, chest pain, numbness, vision changes, or confusion. These can indicate emergencies like a stroke or heart attack, requiring immediate medical attention.
• Treatment approaches for high blood pressure include lifestyle changes like reducing salt intake, quitting smoking, regular exercise, and potentially taking medication. These steps can help control your blood pressure and prevent complications.

High blood pressure is a common condition—but staying informed can help

High blood pressure, or hypertension, is a common condition and a leading risk factor for heart disease, stroke, and other serious health problems. But although many people have high blood pressure, the symptoms can be hard to recognize. This is why it’s frequently called the “silent killer”.

Understanding the signs of high blood pressure can help you and your healthcare provider spot the signs early and make an effective plan to manage it. In this article, we’ll cover the most common symptoms of high blood pressure, explain when those symptoms might signal a medical emergency, and provide guidance on when to seek professional help.

Measuring your blood pressure & why it matters

The conditions for high blood pressure often develop gradually—it commonly appears when you’re in your 30s or 40s and becomes more likely as you get older.

Most cases also do not come with obvious symptoms. When symptoms do appear, they’re usually linked to the damage high blood pressure has already done to organs like your heart or lungs.

That means the best way to deal with high blood pressure isn’t to wait until things get bad—it’s to have your blood pressure regularly tested by a medical professional. Anybody over the age of three should have their blood pressure professionally tested at least once a year.

What your blood pressure numbers mean

Your blood pressure reading consists of two numbers, one on top of the other. The top number is called your systolic blood pressure, and the bottom one is your diastolic blood pressure. Together, they represent the pressure of your blood in mm HG (millimeters of mercury).

What blood pressure level is considered dangerously high?

120/80 is considered a healthy blood pressure for most adults. If your systolic pressure is consistently higher than 130 or your diastolic blood pressure is consistently higher than 80, you should talk to your healthcare provider about how to lower it. Blood pressure at or above 180/120 is considered dangerously high.

Warning signs of dangerously high blood pressure

When blood pressure rises dramatically or reaches dangerously high levels, certain symptoms may occur. Recognizing these symptoms can give you and your healthcare provider an opportunity to take action while there’s still time to make a difference and prevent or reduce serious organ damage.

If your blood pressure has been measured at or above 180/120, the following can be common symptoms of a related health emergency. If you are in this situation, you should call 911.

• Severe headache: An intense or sudden headache that feels different from typical headaches.
• Difficulty breathing: Feeling as though you can’t catch your breath or experiencing severe shortness of breath.
• Severe pain: This may occur in the stomach, chest, or back.
• Numbness or weakness: Sudden loss of strength or sensation, especially on one side of the body, can indicate impaired blood flow and may be a warning sign of a stroke.
• Sudden vision changes: Experiencing blurred vision, loss of vision, or seeing spots or flashes can result from high blood pressure affecting the blood vessels in the eyes or brain.
• Confusion or difficulty speaking: Cognitive issues can signal a lack of blood flow to the brain, increasing the risk of stroke.

Complications of untreated hypertension

Ignoring symptoms of high blood pressure can lead to serious health problems over time. Potential complications include:

• Heart attack or stroke: Prolonged high blood pressure can damage arteries. This makes them more prone to blockages or ruptures that prevent the right amount from reaching your heart or brain.
• Kidney damage: Hypertension can reduce blood flow to the kidneys, impairing their ability to filter waste effectively.
• Aneurysms: Sustained high blood pressure can weaken arteries, leading to bulging or ruptured blood vessels. Reducing blood pressure has been shown to prevent aneurysms related to these ruptures in rats.
• Vision loss: Damage to blood vessels in the eyes can lead to a condition called hypertensive retinopathy. This type of vision loss can often be reversed when blood pressure returns to normal levels, but it can quickly cause permanent vision loss if left untreated.

These are medical emergencies. Test your blood pressure regularly with a healthcare provider and know the warning signs to control your risk—and seek emergency assistance as soon as possible if you believe you are suffering from one of the complications listed above.

Seeking professional help

Being proactive and getting professional support can help you prevent and manage high blood pressure. In addition to regular testing and monitoring, some lifestyle changes and medical interventions can play critical roles in preventing dangerous complications.

When to consult a healthcare provider

To recap, you should contact a healthcare provider at least once a year to have your blood pressure tested. You should also reach out if you have consistent blood pressure readings above 120/80 mm Hg—even if you feel fine.

Remember: if your blood pressure readings are dangerously high and you have any of the warning signs listed earlier, it’s an emergency. In those cases, you should not wait—call 911 instead.

Not sure whether your symptoms require medical attention? It might be best to err on the side of caution and schedule a check-up.

What to expect during a consultation

When you see a healthcare provider to diagnose high blood pressure, they’ll usually start by measuring your blood pressure and reviewing your medical history. If they determine that your blood pressure is too high, they might recommend measures to help you bring it down to normal levels.

Treating high blood pressure

Some of the steps your healthcare provider might recommend for high blood pressure include:

• Decreasing the amount of salt you eat
• Losing weight
• Stopping smoking
• Drinking less alcohol
• Exercising regularly

In some cases, medication may also be prescribed to help lower your blood pressure and reduce the risk of complications. It’s possible that you might be prescribed more than one type of blood pressure medication as well—remember to take these on time and as directed for best results.

Learn about your options to manage blood pressure medication with Lemonaid Health. 

Medical Review by Jennie Stanford, MD, FAAFP, DABOM

Summary

• High blood pressure can develop from a mix of genetics, lifestyle, and other health conditions, like diabetes or kidney disease. It’s often called the “silent killer” because most people have no symptoms until serious health conditions arise.
• High blood pressure affects nearly half of American adults and can lead to serious health issues, like heart attack, stroke, kidney damage, and vision problems.
• Healthy lifestyle changes—like reducing salt intake, eating a healthy diet, exercising, and managing stress—can lower your blood pressure. If lifestyle changes aren’t enough, medication may be needed to keep it under control.
• Different medications to manage blood pressure work in various ways. Some relax your blood vessels, while others might slow your heart rate or flush out excess fluid.

High blood pressure is common—but help is available

High blood pressure, or hypertension, is a common chronic medical condition that affects nearly half of American adults—over 119 million people. It plays a major role in serious health conditions, like stroke, heart attack, heart failure, kidney damage, and vision problems, contributing to nearly 500,000 deaths in the U.S. every year.

Because it develops without symptoms, about 46% of adults with hypertension don’t know they have it until it’s found during routine check-ups—sometimes after damage has already occurred. That’s why understanding high blood pressure and talking to a healthcare provider about the best ways to treat it are vital for good health.

The good news? Managing your blood pressure through healthy habits and medication can reduce these risks. Early detection is essential, so regular monitoring should also be part of your long-term health plan.

In this article, we’ll explore the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for high blood pressure. Use this information to make informed decisions about your health and know when to seek expert guidance from a healthcare professional.

Causes of high blood pressure

High blood pressure occurs when your blood flows through your arteries with more force than normal. This extra pressure hardens arteries, which restricts blood and oxygen flow to vital organs and can trigger problems throughout your body.

High blood pressure doesn’t have a single cause. Instead, a mix of genetics, lifestyle habits, diet, and environmental factors can raise your risk. While anyone can develop high blood pressure, certain conditions and behaviors increase the chances.

Uncontrollable risk factors for high blood pressure

Some risk factors for high blood pressure can’t be controlled. You might naturally be at more risk for this condition if any of the following conditions apply to you:

• You’re older: Blood vessels become stiffer with age, making it harder for blood to flow and increasing pressure.
• You’re of African American descent: Hypertension tends to develop earlier and more severely in African Americans.
• You have a family history of hypertension: If close relatives have high blood pressure, your risk goes up.
• You have diabetes: Diabetes damages blood vessels and increases the likelihood of hypertension.

Controllable risk factors for high blood pressure

Some risk factors for high blood pressure can be modified by making different choices. Here are a few of the most important (see the “Treatment approaches” section of this article for more details on how to modify these risk factors):

• High salt intake: Salt makes your body hold onto water, increasing your blood volume and raising blood pressure. You might consider eating foods with less sodium.
• Smoking: Nicotine causes your blood vessels to tighten, raising your blood pressure. If you have high blood pressure, quitting smoking can be good for your heart.
• Excess alcohol: More than 1 drink a day for women or 2 for men increases your risk.
• Stress: Stress can temporarily raise blood pressure, and long-term stress can have lasting effects.
• Being overweight or obese: Extra weight makes your heart work harder to pump blood, which raises blood pressure.

Hypertension from another medical condition or medication

When hypertension is caused by another medical condition or from medication this is called secondary hypertension. Common causes include kidney or artery conditions, hormonal disorders, sleep apnea, and pregnancy.

Symptoms of high blood pressure

High blood pressure is often called the “silent killer” because most people don’t experience any symptoms. This makes it easy for hypertension to go undetected until it causes serious health problems. For most people, the first time they learn they have high blood pressure is at a routine doctor’s visit or through a health check. 

When blood pressure gets extremely high—often at levels of 180/120 mmHg or higher—it can trigger symptoms, and requires immediate medical attention. Symptoms may include:

• Severe headaches
• Blurred or double vision
• Chest pain and trouble breathing
• Nausea and vomiting
• Confusion
• Dizziness
• Nosebleeds
• Buzzing or ringing in the ears
• Irregular heart rhythms

Diagnosing high blood pressure

The only way to know if you have high blood pressure is to measure it. High blood pressure usually has no signs or symptoms, so many people don’t realize they have it. You can get your blood pressure checked:

• At your doctor’s office – A healthcare provider will measure it during your visit.
• At a pharmacy – Many pharmacies have self-service blood pressure machines.
• At home – You can monitor it yourself with a digital blood pressure device.

Since blood pressure changes throughout the day, your provider will take multiple readings across different visits to get the most accurate picture. At least two readings on two separate occasions are needed to diagnose hypertension.

Your provider may also check for signs of heart disease or other complications through a physical exam. They’ll factor in your age, medications, other health conditions, and any risk of side effects before recommending a treatment plan.

Understanding blood pressure readings

Blood pressure is measured with two numbers:

• Systolic pressure (top number): Measures the pressure in your arteries when your heart beats.
• Diastolic pressure (bottom number): Measures the pressure in your arteries when your heart rests between beats.

Category	Systolic (mm Hg)		Diastolic (mm Hg)
Normal	Less than 120	AND	Less than 80
Elevated	120–129	AND	Less than 80
High blood pressure (Stage 1)	130–139	OR	80–89
High blood pressure (Stage 2)	140 or higher	OR	90 or higher
Hypertensive crisis	Higher than 180	OR	Higher than 120

If your systolic reading is 180 mm Hg or higher, or your diastolic is higher than 120 mm Hg and you are in a hypertensive crisis, contact your healthcare provider immediately.

Treatment approaches

While some risk factors—like your genetics or age—are beyond your control, many others risk factors are able to be controlled. Making healthy lifestyle choices is the first step to help you lower your blood pressure. If lifestyle changes aren’t enough to control your high blood pressure, your healthcare provider may prescribe medication. If your blood pressure is linked to another health condition, treating the root cause can also help.

Lifestyle & prevention tips

Living a healthy lifestyle can help keep your blood pressure in a healthy range and lower your risk of heart disease. Lifestyle changes alone can reduce cardiovascular events by up to 15%. Here are some steps you can take:

• Eat a balanced diet: The DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) eating plan is recommended, which emphasizes fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins.
• Cut back on salt: Reducing your salt intake makes a big difference. Aim to use less salt when cooking and check food labels for hidden sodium.
• Maintain a healthy weight: If you are overweight or have obesity, even a small amount of weight loss can lower your blood pressure. On average, every kilogram lost reduces systolic blood pressure by 1 mmHg.
• Exercise: The American Heart Association recommends 2 hours and 30 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise per week—about 30 minutes a day, 5 days a week
• Quit smoking: Smoking raises your blood pressure and increases your risk of heart attack and stroke.
• Limit alcohol: If you drink, keep it moderate. Men should stick to no more than 2 drinks a day, and women should limit it to 1 drink a day.
• Get enough sleep: Poor sleep is linked to high blood pressure and other chronic health problems.

Medication options & how they work

There are many types of blood pressure medicines, each working in different ways. Sometimes, using more than one type of medication works better than using just one.

Here’s how the most common blood pressure medicines work:

• ACE inhibitors (like lisinopril) relax your blood vessels by reducing chemicals that make them tighten. This helps blood flow more smoothly and takes pressure off your heart, making it easier to pump.
• Beta blockers (like metoprolol) slow your heart rate and reduce the force of each beat. With your heart working less hard, less blood flows through your vessels, lowering your blood pressure.
• Calcium channel blockers (like amlodipine) relax the muscles in your heart and blood vessels by keeping calcium out of the cells. This helps your heart pump more easily and lowers blood pressure.
• Diuretics (like hydrochlorothiazide) help your kidneys to remove excess water and salt from your body through urine. With less fluid in your blood, the pressure in your arteries goes down.

Blood pressure medicines usually begin working within a few days. It’s important to take them exactly as prescribed and continue until your doctor advises you to stop.

Lemonaid Health can also prescribe all of the medications listed above in clinically indicated cases. Learn more about Lemonaid Health’s blood pressure medications here.

Lower your blood pressure with Lemonaid Health

High blood pressure, while common, is a serious condition that can have long-lasting effects on your overall health. If you suspect you or someone you know may be experiencing hypertension, reach out to a healthcare provider. Working with a qualified medical professional is the best way to find a treatment plan that is safe and effective for you.

At Lemonaid Health, we’re here to support you. Schedule a virtual visit with one of our qualified US-based health professionals who can help and identify suitable solutions—including FDA-approved medications when necessary.

Medical Review by Jennie Stanford, MD, FAAFP, DipABOM

Summary:

• New studies highlight how genetics influence cholesterol levels, suggesting the importance of genetic testing to identify and manage individuals with naturally high cholesterol.
• Innovative medications, including PCSK9 inhibitors, ANGPTL3 inhibitors, and ApoC3 inhibitors, offer new hope for managing high cholesterol with fewer side effects.
• Research shows a link between inflammation and high cholesterol-related diseases like atherosclerosis, indicating that managing inflammation might help reduce related health risks.
• Modern cholesterol tests provide detailed information on cholesterol particle types and sizes, helping healthcare providers create personalized management plans.

Exploring new frontiers in cholesterol research

Your cholesterol levels can play a key role in your risk for different kinds of heart disease, so understanding cholesterol is an important part of staying healthy. The more current and complete your understanding of cholesterol is, the easier it is to have informed conversations with your healthcare provider and ultimately make better choices for your health.

Explore the latest advancements in cholesterol research over the past few years with our comprehensive summary. Discover insights into the influence of genetics on cholesterol levels, upcoming treatments for cholesterol management, and other significant developments in the field.

Some general facts about cholesterol

Before we get into the cutting-edge research on cholesterol, it’s important for you to understand a few well-known facts. Here’s a breakdown and some articles you can use to find more information:

The cholesterol in your bloodstream has more to do with your risk of heart disease than the cholesterol in your diet. But eating healthy is still important for managing blood cholesterol levels, since many high-cholesterol foods also contain unhealthy fats that can contribute to heart disease.

High blood cholesterol is also a bit more complicated there are several different types of cholesterol in your blood, and not all of them have the same impact on your health. In addition to total blood cholesterol, you should monitor these:

• HDL cholesterol, which is sometimes considered “good” because it helps move extra cholesterol out of your blood and into your liver
• LDL cholesterol, which is often considered “bad” because it can raise your risk of heart disease by causing plaque to form in your arteries

Other cholesterol resources from Lemonaid Health

For further insights into cholesterol and to contextualize the research summarized, explore some of our other articles on the topic.

• 10 Foods That Are Good for Managing Cholesterol
• Understanding Cholesterol: The Good, Bad, & What You Need to Know
• 10 High Cholesterol Foods to Avoid

Now, let’s proceed with this summary of recent research on cholesterol and how to manage it.

Genetic insights into cholesterol

Recent studies have provided a better understanding of how genetic factors influence cholesterol levels. Specifically, some people who have had high cholesterol levels throughout their lives, because of their genes, may be at risk of heart conditions at a relatively early age.

This research may encourage a greater focus in the medical community on preventative care for high cholesterol. It also suggests that genetic testing may be important to identify people with naturally high cholesterol and proactively help them manage it.

Emerging medications & therapies

Cutting-edge medications and therapeutic approaches are being developed, providing new hope for individuals managing high cholesterol. The pharmaceutical industry is researching and creating treatments to balance cholesterol levels with fewer side effects.

Some of the new medications and therapies being developed to help manage high cholesterol include these options:

• New medications that target LDL cholesterol, including PCSK9 inhibitors and ANGPTL3 inhibitors.
• New medications that target triglycerides, like ApoC3 inhibitors or stapled peptides.
• New medications that target key proteins in your blood, like ApoB inhibitors or MTTP inhibitors.
• Therapies and treatments based on genetic research for personalized care (see above).
• Therapies focused on treating seniors to reduce cholesterol in older adults.
• Holistic approaches that account for other contributing factors to heart disease as well.

The relationship between cholesterol & inflammation

Recent research highlights that inflammation is linked to several diseases associated with high cholesterol. Recognizing this connection might help the medical community develop more effective treatments for conditions related to high cholesterol.

Chronic inflammation has been associated with atherosclerosis, a condition where arteries become clogged and hardened, increasing the risk of heart disease. Therefore, addressing inflammation through lifestyle changes and medications could play a role in managing certain health risks associated with high cholesterol.

Advances in cholesterol testing

The technology currently used to test cholesterol is a lot better than it used to be. This makes cholesterol screening easier and more accurate.

Modern testing methods can provide more information on the different types and sizes of cholesterol particles, which makes it easier for care providers to understand the unique risks each patient faces.

This can make it easier for your healthcare provider to discover whether you have high cholesterol levels and help them create a personalized cholesterol management plan for your needs. 

Public health initiatives

The most recent public health initiatives about high cholesterol are aimed at raising awareness and promoting healthy lifestyle choices in the general population, as well as stressing the importance of regular cholesterol testing. Consider these recommendations:

• Eating a heart-healthy diet with less saturated and trans fats
• Being more physically active, with at least 150 minutes per week of moderate aerobic exercise
• Not smoking tobacco products or vaping
• Maintaining a healthy body weight

It’s also highly recommended that you talk to your healthcare provider about the best ways to control your cholesterol levels, since successful cholesterol management depends on a lot of individual factors.

Implications for personalized medicine

The latest research is paving the way for personalized medicine in cholesterol management. Preventing cholesterol-related health problems now often involves careful consideration of your genetics, medical history, and other personal risk factors.

Individual bodies process cholesterol in different ways, so personalized treatment has the potential to result in better outcomes. This is a trend we can probably expect to see continue as more research is performed.

Staying ahead in cholesterol management

As research on cholesterol continues to advance, it’s essential to stay updated with the latest developments. We encourage you to work with your healthcare provider to test your cholesterol levels and create an effective plan for managing them if necessary.

For expert support, consider working with Lemonaid Health for support with managing your cholesterol. Our US-based team of medical professionals can provide you with expert advice during online consultations, and they can prescribe appropriate medication if clinically indicated.

FAQ

How do genetic factors influence cholesterol levels?

Genetic factors can help determine your cholesterol levels by affecting how your body absorbs, produces, and processes cholesterol. Understanding these genetic components can help healthcare providers create more effective, personalized treatment plans.

What are some of the latest advancements in medications for cholesterol management?

Recent advancements in cholesterol medications have led to new drugs for improving cholesterol levels. These include PCSK9 inhibitors, which effectively reduce LDL cholesterol (bad cholesterol), and other formulations that target triglycerides and increase HDL cholesterol (good cholesterol).

Can diet help manage high cholesterol?

Diet plays a crucial role in managing cholesterol levels. Foods rich in soluble fiber, such as oats and legumes, can help lower blood cholesterol levels while eating fewer saturated fats and trans fats is also essential.

Medical Review by DeAnna McGarity MD

Eat these foods to boost “Good” cholesterol & keep “bad” cholesterol at bay

Although the cholesterol you eat may not impact your risk of a heart attack directly, your diet still plays an important role in cholesterol management. Eating certain foods instead of others helps regulate the amount of cholesterol in your bloodstream, which improves cardiovascular health and lowers your risk of heart disease.

Below, we explain more about the link between what you eat and the cholesterol in your bloodstream—and recommend 10 foods that will help keep your cholesterol levels healthy.

The link between diet & cholesterol levels

The cholesterol you eat and the cholesterol that ends up in your bloodstream aren’t exactly the same. There are two main kinds of blood cholesterol: HDL (generally considered “good”) and LDL (sometimes called “bad” cholesterol).

• Helps move excess cholesterol from your blood to your liver. Takes excess bad fat or low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and takes it to the liver, where it’s broken down and leaves the body in stool. A high HDL level is likely to have a positive effect on a person’s risk of cardiovascular disease or lowers one’s risk of cardiovascular disease. This is often labeled as “good” or “healthy” cholesterol. 
• Can lead to plaque buildup in your arteries, increasing your risk of heart disease. Transports the body from the liver to other parts of the body where it is stored. High LDL cholesterol levels are associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease and is often called “bad” or “unhealthy” cholesterol.

Eating foods that boost your HDL levels and avoiding foods that raise your LDL levels is therefore important for maintaining heart health. Not all foods with high dietary cholesterol significantly increase LDL levels, but many contain high levels of saturated or Trans saturated fats, which are linked to LDL buildup and associated heart problems.  

See Also: 10 High Cholesterol Foods to Avoid

10 Recommended foods for managing cholesterol levels

Oats & whole grains

Oats and whole grains are a powerhouse for cholesterol management, thanks to their rich soluble fiber content.

How soluble fiber helps

• Acts like a sponge to absorb cholesterol in the digestive system
• This reduces the amount of cholesterol absorbed into the bloodstream

Ways to enjoy whole grains

• Try oatmeal for breakfast
• Use whole-grain bread for sandwiches
• Swap white rice with quinoa or brown rice

Fatty fish

Fatty fish, like salmon and mackerel, are high in omega-3 fatty acids, which are linked to maintaining healthy cholesterol levels.

How omega-3 fatty acids help

When you intake omega-3s daily, it can help lower triglycerides and lower types of blood cholesterol other than HDL (including your LDL levels).

Ways to enjoy fatty fish

• Eat fish that are rich in omega-3s
• Examples include salmon, herring, and mackerel

Nuts & seeds

Nuts and seeds are not only tasty snacks—they also add heart-healthy fats and fiber to your diet.

Ways to enjoy more nuts in your diet

• Add a handful to yogurt, salads, or enjoy as a heart-healthy snack
• Keep an eye on portions due to high-calorie content

Fruits & berries

Fruits and berries are loaded with antioxidants, making them excellent choices for a cholesterol-friendly diet.

How antioxidants impact your cholesterol levels

Antioxidants can help prevent cholesterol from oxidizing and creating a type of compound called an oxysterol. Since oxysterols can increase your risk of heart failure, antioxidants can help you avoid this possibility.

Ways to add fruit to your diet

• Incorporate a variety of fruits like apples, pears, and berries
• Try enjoying these on their own as snacks, or add them to smoothies

Vegetables

It’s common knowledge that vegetables are part of a healthy diet—but research suggests that eating a diet rich in low-calorie vegetables (as well as fruits and legumes) can lower your risk of heart attack, partially because the amount of dietary fiber they contain helps lower the LDL cholesterol in your blood.

Ways to eat more veggies

• Add leafy greens like spinach and kale to pasta and rice dishes
• Incorporate a variety of vegetables in salads and use dressings with monounsaturated fats (see below)

Beans & legumes

Beans and legumes have been shown to help lower total and LDL cholesterol levels. They have low fat, nearly no saturated fats, and low dietary cholesterol—while providing an excellent source of protein, carbohydrates, B vitamins, and other essential nutrients.

How protein supports healthy rating

Protein helps provide a feeling of fullness, which can reduce the temptation to snack on unhealthy treats. More protein also reduces body weight (BW), but also enhances body composition by decreasing fat mass while preserving fat-free mass (FFM)

Ways to enjoy more beans & legumes

• Easily add beans and legumes to soups and salads
• Try vegetarian dishes where beans and legumes fully replace animal proteins

Plant sterols & stanols

Foods rich in plant sterols and stanols can mimic cholesterol in the body, helping to lower LDL levels effectively.

Ways to eat more plant sterols & stanols

• Try cooking with vegetable oils
• Eat nuts
• Cook with vegetables like broccoli, spinach, and red onions
• Consider taking plant sterol supplements to lower your LDL cholesterol  

Olive oil

Olive oil is rich in monounsaturated fats, known for their potential to lower bad cholesterol levels and maintain heart health.

Ways to use more olive oil

• Use it as the base for dressings and marinades
• Try using it to replace butter or other oils in cooking

Soy foods

Certain soy foods contain compounds that can reduce LDL cholesterol, as well as total cholesterol in adults.

Ways to incorporate soy foods into your diet

• Try tofu in stir-fries
• Use soy milk in cereals and smoothies
• Snack on edamame

Avocados

Avocados are not just delicious but also beneficial for cholesterol management, since they’re packed with heart-healthy monounsaturated fats just like olive oil.

Ways to eat more avocados

• Use them as a spread on whole-grain toast
• Add them to salads or sandwiches for a creamy texture
• Enjoy as guacamole with vegetable sticks

Extra advice for cholesterol control

Eating healthy is just one part of effective cholesterol management. We also recommend the following habits:

• Regular exercise: Try 30 minutes of walking, cycling, or swimming per day to keep your heart healthy by improving your ratio of HDL to LDL cholesterol.
• Weight management: Maintaining a healthy weight can help lower LDL cholesterol.
• Healthy lifestyle choices: Staying away from cigarettes can improve your HDL cholesterol.
• Drink plenty of water
• Discuss potential risks and benefits with your healthcare provider, a dietician and or nutritionist to find a diet or health plan for your needs.
  • Some diets that are known to lower cholesterol; mediterranean, plant based, vegan and vegetarian.  

Find support for managing your cholesterol with Lemonaid Health

Use the tips and food suggestions above to start making healthier choices right now—and be sure to contact a qualified healthcare provider before making any major diet or lifestyle changes.

Lemonaid Health can help—US-based medical team can provide online consultations and personalized treatment plans to help you manage your cholesterol levels, as well as lab work and prescriptions for appropriate cholesterol medications. Learn more about how we can provide you with the right support.

Medical Review by Jennie Stanford, MD, FAAFP, DipABOM

Steer Clear of These Foods to Improve Your Heart Health

Too much cholesterol can lead to heart problems—especially if it’s low-density lipoprotein (LDL), which can cause fatty deposits to build up in your arteries and increase your likelihood of heart disease.

Lemonaid Health can help you manage your cholesterol, but there are also several steps you can take on your own. One of them is to change your diet by avoiding foods with high levels of LDL cholesterol, saturated fats, and trans fats. The ten on this list are great examples of how to start.

Dietary cholesterol vs. blood cholesterol

Before we get into the list, it’s important to clarify that dietary cholesterol and blood cholesterol are two different things—and the link between the cholesterol you eat and the cholesterol levels in your blood isn’t as clear as people once thought.

Newer research suggests that the cholesterol in your blood has much more to do with your risk of heart disease than the cholesterol in your diet. But, because many foods with high levels of dietary cholesterol also contain saturated and trans fats that can raise the LDL cholesterol in your blood, avoiding these high-cholesterol foods is still important.

“Good” vs. “bad” cholesterol

There are two types of cholesterol in your blood that most tests focus on as indicators of health:

• HDL (high-density lipoprotein), which can help move extra cholesterol from your bloodstream to your liver and is often considered “good” cholesterol.
• LDL (low-density lipoprotein), which can cause plaque to build up in your arteries and is a known risk factor for heart disease, making it “bad” cholesterol.

Some foods—like eggs and shellfish—are generally considered to be healthy because they are low in saturated fat, but they still have high levels of dietary cholesterol. These foods can usually be incorporated into a balanced diet but should still be enjoyed in moderation, since some people may be hyper-responsive to dietary cholesterol.

Cholesterol-rich foods to avoid (or eat in moderation)

Red meat

The saturated fats in red meats like beef, pork, and lamb can increase your heart attack risk, especially if these meats are processed and you eat them often.

What to eat instead

• Lean meats, like chicken or turkey
• Fish, especially omega-3-rich varieties like salmon
• Plant-based proteins, such as beans and lentils

Processed meats

Processed meats like bacon, sausages, and hot dogs are loaded with sodium and unhealthy fats. Research shows that replacing these foods with lower-calorie alternatives can reduce LDL cholesterol levels.

What to eat instead

• Lean poultry, like chicken or turkey sausage
• Vegetarian alternatives or meat substitutes (although check the labels for high sodium levels or dangerous additives or preservatives) 
• Grilled or roasted vegetables, beans or legumes, or tofu to make a meatless meal

Full-fat dairy products

Butter, cream, and full-fat cheese are high in saturated fats. These full-fat dairy products might be delicious, but some research suggests they may also contribute to coronary heart disease risk when not balanced with a diet rich in plant-based foods.

What to Eat Instead

• Low-fat or fat-free dairy options (although check the labels for added sugars or dangerous additives or preservatives)
• Nut-based milks and cheeses
• Greek yogurt or cottage cheese

Eggs

To be clear, eggs are considered to be good for you as long as you eat them in moderation. It’s true that the yolks are high in cholesterol, which can be harmful in excess.

But, research suggests that eating eggs on a regular basis is healthy—they come with plenty of beneficial nutrients and have little saturated fat. They’re only a problem if you eat too many in a short period of time.

What to eat instead

• Egg whites or egg substitutes
• Plant-based scramble options
• Chia or flax seeds

Deep-fried foods

They’re delicious, but they’re not good for your health. Deep-fried foods are typically cooked in oils that are high in trans and saturated fats.

What to eat instead

• Oven-baked versions of your favorite fried foods
• Air-fried snacks for a healthier crunch
• Grilled or steamed foods

Baked goods

Many baked goods are not only high in sugar but also contain high amounts of butter, which drives up cholesterol levels.

What to eat instead

• Baked goods made with whole grains
• Desserts sweetened with natural sugars like fruits
• Home-baked treats using healthier oil alternatives

Shellfish

Although shellfish can be a good source of protein and other nutrients, some types—like shrimp, lobster, and certain crabs—are high in dietary cholesterol and can raise blood cholesterol levels when eaten too often (although still less than many other cholesterol-containing foods).

What to eat instead

• Grilled or baked fish, choosing varieties lower in cholesterol
• Mussels or clams, which are typically lower in cholesterol
• Seaweed and other marine plants for a heart-healthy alternative

Organ meats

Although rich in many nutrients, animal livers, kidneys, and brains are high in dietary cholesterol.

What to Eat Instead

• Lean cuts of meat, such as skinless poultry or fish
• Plant-based protein sources, like tofu, tempeh, or seitan
• Nuts and seeds for a mix of healthy fats and proteins

Foods containing hydrogenated oils

Hydrogenated oils are trans fats, which are notorious for increasing LDL (bad) cholesterol.

What to Eat Instead

• Foods that are labeled free from trans fats
• Snacks and meals prepared with healthy, non-hydrogenated oils
• Cooking at home using healthier oils, like avocado oil and extra virgin olive oil

Certain natural oils

Despite their natural origins, palm oil and coconut oil are also high in saturated fats. Both of these oils can increase LDL cholesterol levels. While coconut oil typically increases them more than palm oil, palm oil increases them more than non-tropical vegetable oils.

What to eat instead

• Olive oil or canola oil, which are lower in saturated fat
• Avocado oil, a relatively heart-healthy alternative (see above)

Other tips for lowering cholesterol

In addition to eating the substitutes we’ve suggested above, try these tips to keep your blood cholesterol in check:

• Exercise regularly: Engage in physical activity to improve heart health and lower cholesterol.
• Maintain a healthy weight: Achieve and maintain a healthy weight through a balanced diet and regular exercise—studies suggest that people who are overweight who lose 5-10% of their body weight also experience significant reductions in LDL cholesterol.
• Avoid smoking or excessive drinking: Quitting smoking can improve your HDL cholesterol level, and limiting alcohol intake can prevent it from negatively affecting your cholesterol and heart health.

Get help controlling your cholesterol from Lemonaid Health

The information above will help you take steps to prevent your cholesterol levels from becoming unhealthy—but for additional support, our US-based medical team can help.

We can provide you with access to online consultations with qualified practitioners who can work with you to develop an individualized treatment plan for lowering your cholesterol, as well as lab work and cholesterol medication when appropriate and necessary. Learn more about how we can support your health.

Medical Review by Jennie Stanford, MD, FAAFP, DipABOM

Summary:

• Cholesterol plays a vital role in the body, but unbalanced levels can lead to health issues, particularly cardiovascular diseases. HDL is the ‘good’ cholesterol, while LDL is the ‘bad’ cholesterol, and managing LDL levels is crucial for cardiovascular health.
• High cholesterol levels can be influenced by both controllable and uncontrollable factors, such as genetics, lifestyle habits, diet, exercise, smoking, and alcohol consumption. A simple blood test called a lipid panel can help diagnose high cholesterol levels and prevent the progression of cholesterol-related diseases by taking proactive steps toward maintaining healthy cholesterol levels.
• Managing high cholesterol requires lifestyle changes such as a heart-healthy diet, regular exercise, and medication if necessary. Preventive measures include maintaining a healthy weight, managing stress, avoiding tobacco smoke, and regular early detection and management screenings. 

Managing & preventing cholesterol doesn’t have to be difficult

Cholesterol is often misunderstood as purely harmful, but it plays several vital roles in the body, such as aiding in the production of hormones and vitamin D. However, when its levels are unbalanced, it can lead to health issues, particularly cardiovascular diseases. This blog post seeks to clarify common misconceptions, explain the different types of cholesterol, and emphasize the importance of managing cholesterol levels effectively. Through education, we aim to empower you to make informed health decisions and understand the potential impacts of cholesterol on your overall well-being.

Types of cholesterol

There are 2 main types of cholesterol:

• High-density lipoprotein (HDL): Known as the ‘good’ cholesterol, HDL helps remove other forms of cholesterol from the bloodstream and transport them to the liver, where they can be processed and expelled. High levels of HDL are associated with a lower risk of heart disease.
• Low-density lipoprotein (LDL): Often referred to as the ‘bad’ cholesterol, LDL contributes to fatty buildups in arteries (atherosclerosis), which increases the risk of heart attacks and strokes. Managing LDL levels is crucial for cardiovascular health, especially in individuals with other risk factors like diabetes or high blood pressure.

What influences cholesterol levels

Your cholesterol levels can be influenced by a variety of factors, both controllable and uncontrollable. Genetics can play a significant role, with specific genetic makeups predisposing individuals to high cholesterol. Lifestyle factors such as diet, exercise, smoking, and alcohol consumption also significantly impact cholesterol levels. By understanding these influences, you can take proactive steps towards maintaining healthy cholesterol levels through lifestyle adjustments and medical interventions if necessary.

Diagnosing high cholesterol

Cholesterol levels can be determined through a simple blood test known as a lipid panel. This test measures total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and triglycerides, and analyzing these figures can help you and your healthcare provider understand your risk for heart disease and stroke. It is highly recommended to check your cholesterol levels regularly after the age of 20, specifically if you have a family history of heart disease or other risk factors. Knowing when to consult a doctor can be critical in preventing the progression of cholesterol-related diseases.

Managing and treating high cholesterol

Managing high cholesterol effectively generally requires a combination of lifestyle changes and medication, if necessary. The primary lifestyle changes recommended include dietary adjustments, increased physical activity, and smoking cessation. For some people, medications such as statins may be required to help lower LDL levels and prevent complications. Virtual healthcare services like Lemonaid Health provide a convenient way of managing your health by granting access to healthcare professionals and prescription services right from home.

Prevention strategies

There are several ways that can be effective in preventing high cholesterol:

• Adhering to a heart-healthy diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins while avoiding trans fats and processed foods.
• Regular exercise, such as brisk walking for 30 minutes most days, can significantly improve cholesterol levels and overall heart health.
• Regular screenings are crucial for early detection and management of unfavorable cholesterol levels.
• Other preventive measures like maintaining a healthy weight, managing stress, and avoiding tobacco smoke. 

Key takeaways & next steps in cholesterol management

Understanding cholesterol and its impact on health is crucial for preventing heart disease and maintaining overall health. This post aims to debunk myths and provide actionable advice for managing and preventing high cholesterol.

Lemonaid Health’s cholesterol management services

Explore how Lemonaid Health simplifies cholesterol management through online assessments, consultations with a medical team, and medication delivery if needed. Learn more about the types of medications you may be prescribed through Lemonaid Health.

FAQ

What is the difference between HDL and LDL cholesterol?

HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein) is often called “good” cholesterol because it helps remove other forms of cholesterol from your bloodstream. LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein), known as “bad” cholesterol, can build up in the walls of your arteries and increase your risk of heart disease.

How often should I check my cholesterol levels?

It’s generally recommended that adults aged 20 or older should have their cholesterol checked every 4 to 6 years as part of a heart risk assessment. However, your doctor may recommend more frequent testing if you have a family history of high cholesterol or other risk factors.

Can lifestyle changes help manage high cholesterol?

Yes, lifestyle changes can significantly impact cholesterol levels. These include adopting a heart-healthy diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, increasing physical activity, quitting smoking, and reducing alcohol intake. These changes can help lower LDL cholesterol and increase HDL cholesterol.

What types of medications might be prescribed for high cholesterol?

Common medications for managing high cholesterol include statins, which help lower LDL cholesterol, bile acid sequestrants, and cholesterol absorption inhibitors. Your healthcare provider can help determine which medication, if any, is appropriate for your specific condition.

Medical Review by Jennie Stanford, MD, FAAFP, DipABOM

Summary:

• Regular cholesterol testing helps identify risks of heart disease and stroke. This can help you take proactive steps in managing your diet, lifestyle, and medications based on your cholesterol levels.
• Cholesterol is usually measured with a test called a lipid profile. This shows total cholesterol levels, as well as LDL (“bad” cholesterol) and HDL (“good” cholesterol). It will also show your levels of triglycerides (a type of fat that can cause health problems when too much is in the bloodstream).
• After reviewing the results of your lipid profile, your healthcare provider may offer risk assessments, lifestyle recommendations for diet and exercise, medications like statins if clinically indicated, and regular follow-up and monitoring.

Testing your cholesterol levels can help you stay healthy

Understanding your cholesterol levels allows you to take proactive steps in managing your diet, lifestyle, and medications to improve your cardiovascular health.

Regular cholesterol testing can help identify your risk of heart disease and stroke—two leading causes of death in the United States. Below, you’ll find information from Lemonaid Health on what these tests measure and how to interpret their results with your healthcare provider.

Different cholesterol levels & how to interpret them

Cholesterol levels are measured in milligrams (mg) of cholesterol per deciliter (dL) of blood. These results are usually displayed in a lipid profile, which also contains information about your triglyceride levels (triglycerides are a type of fat that circulate in your blood and can cause health problems in high amounts).

When you receive your cholesterol test results, you will see several numbers that indicate the levels of different types of cholesterol and triglycerides in your blood. Here’s what each cholesterol level represents, plus a chart to help you understand typical benchmarks for them.

Total cholesterol

Total cholesterol is the sum of all types of cholesterol in your blood. A high total cholesterol level increases your risk for heart disease and stroke.

LDL cholesterol (Low-Density Lipoprotein)

LDL cholesterol is often referred to as “bad” cholesterol because high levels can lead to plaque buildup in your arteries. High LDL increases your risk for heart disease and stroke.

HDL cholesterol (High-Density Lipoprotein)

HDL cholesterol is known as “good” cholesterol because it helps remove other forms of cholesterol from your bloodstream. This process is called reverse cholesterol transport.

Comparison chart for cholesterol levels

Information from StatPearls at the National Library of Medicine.

	Total Cholesterol (mg/dL)	LDL Cholesterol (mg/dL)	HDL Cholesterol (mg/dL)
Optimal	Less than 200	Less than 100	60 and above (Best)
Near Optimal	200-239	100-129	50-59 (Better)
Borderline High	240-279	130-159	40-49 (Average)
High	280 and above	160-189	Less than 40 (Poor)
Very High	–	190 and above	–

What to expect from your healthcare provider

After reviewing the results of your lipid profile with you, a healthcare provider may recommend any of the following:

A risk assessment

This can provide estimates about your risk of heart disease and stroke based on your cholesterol levels and other factors such as age, family history, smoking status, blood pressure, and presence of diabetes. This assessment might also involve calculating your 10-year risk of cardiovascular disease using tools like the Framingham Risk Score.

Lifestyle recommendations

Depending on your results, the provider may suggest lifestyle changes to help improve your cholesterol levels and reduce cardiovascular risk. This could include:

• Eating more fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
• Reducing intake of saturated fats and trans fats.
• Regular exercise to maintain a healthy weight and improve cholesterol levels.

Medication

If lifestyle modifications are not sufficient to bring your cholesterol levels into a healthy range, or if your cardiovascular risk is high, your provider may prescribe cholesterol-lowering medications.

Statins are commonly prescribed medications for managing cholesterol levels.

Follow-up & monitoring

Your healthcare provider will most likely suggest a schedule for follow-up visits to monitor your cholesterol levels and assess the effectiveness of your treatment plan.

Regular monitoring is crucial, especially if you are on medications, to help your cholesterol levels move toward the desired range and to adjust treatment as necessary.

Education & support

Finally, your provider may offer additional resources for education and support, such as:

• Referral to a dietitian.
• Information about local or online support groups.
• Educational materials that can help you understand and manage your cholesterol levels effectively.

Controlling your cholesterol with Lemonaid Health

Lemonaid Health can provide online assessments and consultations with US-based health practitioners to help you manage your cholesterol levels, as well as deliveries of medication when clinically indicated. Use what you’ve learned here to make informed decisions about your cholesterol and improve your health.

Learn more: Understanding cholesterol: the good, bad, & what you need to know

Frequently asked questions about cholesterol levels

How often should I have my cholesterol levels tested?

Typically, adults over 20 should test their cholesterol once every 4-6 years during a heart risk assessment unless more frequent testing is recommended by a qualified healthcare provider.

What are the risk factors for high blood cholesterol levels?

Risk factors for high blood cholesterol include:

• Eating foods with high levels of saturated or trans fats
• Not getting enough physical activity
• Smoking or drinking too much alcohol
• Stress
• Not enough sleep or low-quality sleep

What are the risk factors for high blood cholesterol levels?

High cholesterol doesn’t normally come with visible symptoms—which is why it’s sometimes referred to as a “silent” condition. However, the long-term consequences of high total or LDL cholesterol can have serious negative health effects, so testing is an important part of maintaining good cardiovascular health.

Medical Review by Heidi Moawad MD

Summary:

• Not All cholesterol is the Same. HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein) is beneficial as it removes excess cholesterol, while LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein) can contribute to plaque buildup in arteries, increasing cardiovascular risk.
• Dietary cholesterol doesn’t have as large an impact as previously thought, however, saturated and trans fats from certain types of foods (including red meat and fried foods) do have an effect on raising LDL cholesterol.
• Due to genetic factors, lifestyle habits, and diet affecting cholesterol levels, cholesterol management is crucial at any age. Making a positive impact on your heart health is important throughout your life.
• People of all body types, including those of an average or below-average body weight, can be affected by high cholesterol. Genetic predispositions and dietary choices can also influence your cholesterol levels.
• A holistic approach is important when working to hit target cholesterol levels. Combining medications with lifestyle changes can assist in managing cholesterol, and is essential for your overall heart health.

Be in the know when it comes to your cholesterol

There are many common misconceptions that may skew the perception of cholesterol when it comes to your personal health and diet. Cholesterol, and their levels and amounts, affect each individual differently and therefore it is important to have a clear history of your own personal health before making any assumptions.

Let’s debunk the myths and misconceptions and gain more knowledge on the effects of cholesterol, good and bad, on your overall health.

Myth1: all cholesterol is bad

There are two types of cholesterol to know:

High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Cholesterol: Considered a “good” cholesterol because it removes excess cholesterol from the bloodstream and transports it to the liver for excretion. This prevents the formation of plaque on the artery walls.

Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) Cholesterol: A “bad” cholesterol that can contribute to the build-up of plaque in the arteries and increases your chance of heart attack and stroke.

Cholesterol plays many essential roles in the body. Being a major component of cell membranes, cholesterol maintains the shape and stability of cells, allowing for proper function. Cholesterol is also a precursor to the synthesis of a variety of hormones including:

• Cortisol
• Aldosterone
• Estrogen
• Progesterone 
• Testosterone

When sunlight hits the skin, a chemical reaction occurs that converts a form of cholesterol into vitamin D, which is crucial for bone health, immune function, and cognitive health.

In the liver, cholesterol is used to produce bile acids, which are integral to the digestion and absorption of dietary fats and fat-soluble vitamins.

Other functions of cholesterol include cell signaling and maintaining the integrity of neuronal membranes and supporting synaptic function.

Myth 2: eating high-cholesterol foods directly impacts your blood cholesterol levels

The relationship between dietary and blood cholesterol is controversial and has been a point of debate within the scientific community since the 1960s. While dietary cholesterol can have some effect on blood cholesterol levels, it is not the main factor for most people.

1. High blood pressure is a major risk factor for developing cardiovascular disease, according to some researchers, hypertensive patients should take steps to reduce their cholesterol intake.
2. Researchers recommend focusing on healthy habits, like exercising and maintaining a diet rich in vegetables, lean proteins, and whole grains, to lead a heart-healthy life.

Saturated and trans fats do have a more pronounced effect on raising the levels of “bad” cholesterol and can be found in foods such as:

• Red meat
• poultry, especially with skin
• lard and cream
• butter
• cheese
• ice cream
• coconut
• palm oil
• palm kernel oil
• some baked and fried foods

High amounts of these fats can increase LDL cholesterol and put you at risk of heart disease.

While the link between dietary cholesterol and blood cholesterol does exist, the extent of its impact on your health largely depends on your overall dietary picture. Be sure to add healthy components to your lifestyle, such as diet and exercise, and keep up with regular doctor check-ups to help minimize the risk of heart disease and stroke.

Myth 3: only older adults need to worry about cholesterol

Cholesterol management is crucial at any age. High cholesterol can even develop at a young age due to a variety of influences including genetic factors, poor dietary habits, and a sedentary lifestyle. Cholesterol does not discriminate against age, and it is imperative to begin managing cholesterol levels early on in life to reduce the risk of heart disease in your later years.

Regular health screenings help your healthcare provider identify potential problems and initiate goals and treatment plans to reduce symptoms and risks associated with high cholesterol.

You can also adopt a healthy lifestyle as a more holistic approach to your healthcare. Steps include:

• Maintaining a balanced diet of fruits, vegetables, and lean proteins
• Regular exercise, at least 30 minutes per day
• Avoiding smoking, and consuming alcohol in moderation

It is important to educate yourself on the importance of cholesterol management to reduce your risk of heart disease and to promote healthy aging.

Myth 4: thin people don’t have high cholesterol

High cholesterol can affect people of all body weights and sizes, including those in the normal range and even underweight individuals. People who don’t easily gain weight may also be unaware of their saturated fat and trans fat intake.

Genetics: Familial hypercholesterolemia is an inherited genetic predisposition that leads to high cholesterol levels and affects anyone, regardless of their weight.

Diet: Although diet has less of an impact than originally thought, eating foods that aren’t part of a heart-healthy diet can contribute to higher levels of “bad” cholesterol in your blood.

Physical activity: Regular exercise can also play a part in maintaining cholesterol levels in the bloodstream. Exercise appears to enhance the ability of skeletal muscles to utilize lipids, reducing plasma lipid levels.

Your genetics and lifestyle choices can contribute to high cholesterol levels, regardless of body size, so it is imperative to add healthy components to your routine and diet to alleviate the risk of heart disease.

Myth 5: medications alone can solve high cholesterol

While medications can certainly play a vital role in the management of your cholesterol levels, they are only one part of the whole picture in terms of your overall health. Medications, such as statins, PCSK9 inhibitors, and bile acid sequestrants work to stem the problem at its source, but many preventative measures can be taken to alleviate the burden on medication alone. The medications used to maintain healthy cholesterol levels also come with side effects that can present their own challenges.

Side effects can include:

• Muscle pain and weakness
• Liver damage
• Digestive issues
• Increased blood sugar levels, which can lead to developing type 2 diabetes
• Memory loss and confusion
• In rare cases—numbness, tingling, and pain in the hands and feet

To help avoid further complications, it is important to adopt a healthy lifestyle in combination with medication therapy. Switching to a diet full of vegetables, legumes, and lean proteins alongside regular exercise will go a long way in maintaining your heart health and reducing your risk of stroke.

Myth 6: cholesterol testing is unnecessary if you feel fine

It’s deceiving but high cholesterol levels do not typically have any symptoms. It is important to check in with your healthcare professional for regular screenings, especially if you are at risk or genetically predisposed to high cholesterol.

If the high cholesterol condition is severe, fat deposits can form in tendons and skin, and severe pains in the stomach can occur due to an enlarged liver or spleen.

Check-in with your doctor and opt for regular screenings for high cholesterol. A simple blood test is all that’s required to check your lipid profile.

Stay on top of your cholesterol levels, regardless of misconceptions 

We’ve gained some insight into the inner workings of cholesterol and its potential for risk. To recap, here are the myths and misunderstandings of cholesterol that we’ve touched on:

• Not all cholesterol is bad. In fact, we need healthy amounts of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol in order to maintain proper cell function, synthesize vitamin D and certain hormones, and to support neuronal membranes and synaptic function.
• Dietary cholesterol does not have as big an impact on blood cholesterol as previously thought. Diet and exercise are always an important part of your overall health, but genetic factors can also be at play. It’s important to get insights into your family’s medical history to determine whether you are genetically predisposed to high cholesterol.
• High cholesterol can affect any person of any age and at any weight. Genetic precursors and lifestyle can also have an impact on a person’s cholesterol levels no matter their age or body type.
• Medications do play an important role in the maintenance of cholesterol levels, but they are not a one-and-done solution. It is up to the individual to also improve their lifestyle, including making proper dietary changes and adding in at least 30 minutes of exercise per day alongside medication therapy. This will also improve your overall health and help you decrease your dependence on medication alone.
• Even if you feel fine, don’t wait for a major health event to happen to be screened for high cholesterol. High cholesterol levels often don’t present any symptoms. Regular check-ups are important for maintaining your health and preventing the onset of disease. 

It is important to keep up to date on your health and to make decisions based on knowledge from trusted sources. The Lemonaid Health team is here to help if you have any questions or concerns about your well-being. Let us personalize a treatment plan for you and get you on your way to achieving your health goals. Learn about your options to manage your cholesterol at Lemonaid Health.